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Etienne-Jules Marey was a Victorian scientist and polymath who created several useful visualizations, one of which – a train schedule graphic – is now referred to as a Marey Graph. The Marey Graph shows transit schedules over time and space, usually for a single route. It is a transit analogue to the time-space diagrams used by freeway and arterial traffic engineers. Typically, freeway engineers use time-space diagrams to understand the dynamics of traffic jams. Arterial engineers use time-space diagrams to understand the impacts of coordinated signal timings on vehicle platoons. Existing transit performance measure research has used trajectories as transit performance visualizations. This paper creates a more complete framework around Marey graphs as a performance visualization tool for transit, using automated vehicle location (AVL) and automated passenger count (APC) data. It accomplishes this largely by leveraging ideas from freeway and arterial traffic operations systems. The goal of this effort is to incorporate AVL and APC visualizations into practical, automated performance measurement systems for transit planners. To accomplish this goal, this paper briefly reviews the use of time-space diagrams as a visualization tool in other modes. It then deconstructs some practical issues with assembling and incorporating real-world AVL/APC transit data into an automated system for visualization. It proposes a set of Marey Graph visualizations for transit data. Finally, the paper proposes a complimentary quantification of this data into a performance measure that can be used for less detailed, more aggregate comparisons of transit loading and schedule adherence: efficiency.
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