A MARKOVIAN ANALYSIS OF URBAN TRAVEL BEHAVIOR: PATTERN RESPONSE BY SOCIOECONOMIC-OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS

Abstract

KNOWLEDGE CONCERNING URBAN MOVEMENT PATTERNS IS RELEVANT IN THE EXPANSION OF PLANNING PRINCIPLES THAT RELATE PROVISION OF TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES TO USER DEMANDS. THE PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER IS TO ANALYZE THE URBAN TRAVEL BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS GROUPED INTO CATEGORIES OF SIMILAR SOCIOECONOMIC -OCCUPATIONAL CLASS. SOCIOECONOMIC NEIGHBORHOOD GROUPS ARE FORMED VIS-A-VIS THE APPLICATION OF A STATISTICAL GROUPING PROCEDURE TO SOCIOECONOMIC VARIABLES REFLECTING HOUSEHOLD STATUS. FOUR TYPES OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS ARE DEFINED. HOWEVER, IT CANNOT BE ASSUMED THAT ALL PEOPLE IN A GIVEN CENSUS TRACT HAVE THE SAME CLASS STANDING. THEREFORE, THE OCCUPATION OF THE HOUSEHOLD HEAD WAS USED AS A MEASURE TO ISOLATE INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS. TEN OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS ARE INCLUDED. THIS RESULTED IN 40 COMBINATIONS OF SOCIOECONOMIC-OCCUPATION CLASS GROUPS BASED ON NEIGHBORHOOD AND OCCUPATION. PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS WAS APPLIED TO A MATRIX OF TRIP LINKAGES BASED ON TRIP PURPOSE FOR EACH OF THE GROUPS. A MODIFIED WARD'S GROUPING PROCEDURE WAS APPLIED TO A MATRIX OF TRIP LINKAGES BASED ON TRIP PURPOSE FOR EACH OF THE GROUPS, RESULTING IN THREE TRAVEL BEHAVIOR SETS. EACH TRAVEL BEHAVIOR SET WAS THEN ANALYZED USING TRIP LINKAGE DISTRIBUTIONS GENERATED BY MARKOV CHAIN ANALYSIS. EQUILIBRIUM VECTORS FOR EACH OF THE THREE GROUPS WERE EXAMINED TO ELICIT THE TRIP PATTERN DIFFERENCES. THE RESULTING ANALYSIS DEFINED SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TRAVEL PATTERNS OF THE THREE GROUPS. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE TRIP BEHAVIOR VARIES SIGNIFICANTLY IN PURPOSE, LINKAGES, AND LENGTH. A SIMILAR ANALYSIS WAS APPLIED TO AN EXAMINATION OF ZONAL INTERCHANGES FOR EACH SOCIOECONOMIC-OCCUPATIONAL GROUP. /AUTHOR/

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