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In highway economic analysis, an important input is the road user cost, comprising of vehicle operating cost, travel time cost and cost of road accidents. A major study was implemented in India in 1982 to quantify these cost components and relate them to roadway and traffic characteristics. With the passage of nearly 10 years, the data established by the above study needed to be updated because of changes in vehicle technology, road conditions and prices of inputs. The experiments on fuel consumption and user cost surveys conducted on Maruti cars, light commercial vehicles and multi-axled-vehicles have yielded results that indicate how road characteristics and speed affect vehicle operating costs. The studies on speeds and flow have enabled capacity norms to be fixed for different types of roads. The studies on congestion have yielded results that enable quantification of the effect of congestion on road user costs. The data on accident costs and value of time of passengers has been compiled and analysed. (A)
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