Crosscutting Natural Kinds and the Hierarchy Thesis

Abstract

It is often argued that natural kinds form a hierarchy: if any two kinds overlap, then one must be subsumed under the other as a subkind (Kuhn 2000b: 228-52; Ellis 2001: 67-76, 97-100, 161-70). For example, if crocodiles and humans are classified as vertebrates, and humans are classified together with gorillas as mammals, then

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