Economic Benefits of Employment Transportation Services

Abstract

This report examines the benefits that accrue from employment transportation services implemented as a result of changes in welfare policy, namely the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996. Employment transportation services were developed to provide access to jobs for people who otherwise have few transportation options, either because public transportation is not available to their work locations (or for employment-supportive trips such as daycare, schools, job-training or for job search activities) or because they cannot afford to own and operate a private vehicle. The employment transportation services examined in this study have been funded by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation, human service agencies, labor and workforce development agencies, other federal, state, and local agencies, as well as non-profit organizations and private sector companies. Employment transportation services include: traditional fixed-route bus or demand-responsive services operated by local transit agencies; rideshare programs, shuttle, or charter services provided by non-profit organizations, employers or employment agencies; information services and mobility brokers that link information on jobs with transportation to those jobs; and car programs that fund ownership and use of private vehicles by low-income workers.

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