Policy Implications of Compact-City Measures for Sustainable Development: A Case Study in Korea

Abstract

This study focuses on policy implications of the compact-city development on travel by identifying impacts of four major factors (density, diversity, accessibility and design) on modal split and self-sufficiency in the Seoul metropolitan area. To this end, the authors first define and estimate the factors related to compact-city development, using the O/D matrices by travel purpose and mode, and geographic information systems (GIS) land use data in 2006. Then, multiple linear regression models are estimated considering the factors. The model results strongly support that the compact-city development is able to measurably ameliorate unsustainable travel patterns such as auto dependency and longer travel distances. The findings also propose policy directions to sustain a desirable development: the paradox of compact-city measures; the priority of population density; the competitiveness of public transit; and the diversity of non-residential land-use.

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