Research on green logistics transformation and carbon emission reduction paths of Sino-Russian cross-border e-commerce under the background of digital economy

Abstract

The growth of Sino-Russian cross-border e-commerce increases the demand for long-distance logistics services and strengthens the environmental pressure associated with transport, warehousing, packaging and customs procedures. This article examines the main sources of carbon emissions in Sino-Russian cross-border e-commerce logistics and assesses how digital technologies can support the transition to greener logistics models. The study focuses on four problem areas: inefficient transport routing, empty return trips, excessive packaging waste and the absence of unified carbon accounting mechanisms. The analysis shows that big data-based route planning, intelligent capacity allocation, paperless customs clearance, smart warehouse management and digital carbon accounting can reduce unnecessary transport operations and improve energy efficiency across the logistics chain. At the same time, the transition is constrained by differences in Chinese and Russian environmental standards, uneven digital infrastructure at border points, limited recycling systems and insufficient coordination between logistics companies and public authorities. The paper proposes a set of carbon reduction measures, including a joint digital logistics platform, cross-border packaging recycling, energy-efficient warehouse modernization and harmonization of green logistics standards. The findings provide a structured framework for reducing the carbon intensity of Sino-Russian cross-border e-commerce logistics under the conditions of digital economic transformation.

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