TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT

Abstract

As the new millennium approaches, technology, policies and procedures are fitting together to help influence travel behavior in our mobile society. These modified behaviors will help achieve goals such as reductions in traffic congestion and air pollution. Behavior may be influenced by mode, frequency, route, time, or cost. Transportation demand management (TDM) is the all-inclusive term given to this variety of measures used to improve the efficiency of the existing transportation system. TDM products and services include encouragement to use alternatives to the single-occupant vehicle such as carpools, vanpools, transit, bicycles, and walking. Alternative work-hour programs such as the compressed work week, flextime, and telecommuting are also TDM strategies, as are parking management tactics such as preferential parking for carpools and parking pricing. Research into TDM has focused on the evaluation of the effectiveness of TDM and the development of tools to forecast the impacts. Effectiveness evaluations consist of empirical studies of TDM programs using aggregate data at the regional level or disaggregate data at the individual site level. The second major area of TDM research has been the development of tools to predict the impact of TDM strategies. This area has primarily focused on forecasting commuting behavior from data aggregated at the employer level.

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