An Alternative To Morse’S Dalton Settlement Pattern Hypothesis

Abstract

Morse’s Dalton settlement hypothesis of virtually sedentary bands occupying distinct drainages in northeast Arkansas is shown to be unsatisfactory in several respects. An alternative model is generated without reference to specific ethnographic information. It postulates two kinds of base camps varying in season of occupation, activities performed, and degree of residential stability. The model also proposes that Dalton bands occupied territories which crosscut major physiographic and resource zones regardless of drainage boundaries. In light of thene model and consideration of cultural formation processes. of the archaeological record, prevailing interpretations of Dalton remains are overthrown the Brand site, for example, is argued to be the remais of a base camp, not hunting-butchering station. Directions are indicated for future research.

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