The immigrants Spelleri is referring to in that quote need to acquire a wide range of skills and knowledge to achieve a better life. Chief among those skills is the ability to speak English well. This chapter addresses speaking instruction for nonacademic adult ESOL (English for speakers of other languages) learners in the United States. By nonacademic ESOL learners I mean people who are learning English, but not primarily to obtain a postsecondary degree at a college or university. Adult learners of English in the United States include refugees, documented and undocumented immigrants, and permanent residents.1 Such learners may be found in adult schools, community college programs, community-based programs (e.g., at libraries and churches), on-the-job training courses, and some university extension programs.
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