Ancient Osteopathology From The Caddoan Burials At The Kaufman-Williams Site, Texas

Abstract

Osteopathological analysis of the Caddoan skeletal remains from the Kaufman-Williams site (41 RR16), Red River County, Texas, suggests that the most serious problems afflicting the people (as reflected in their remains) were degenerative conditions, such as osteophytosis and osteoarthritis, and dental wear and disease. As would beexpected, these problems became more severe with increasing age. With the exception of one congenital hip dislocation, the congenital and developmental anomalies noted on the skeletal material, although quite numerous, wouldhave caused little or no problem for the individuals who had them. Several traumatic lesions occurred in the population; more were noted on male than on female skeletons. The only neoplasms observed were benign and consisted principally of button osteomas. Eight probable cases of iron deficiency anemia were noted. Two subadults were afflicted with porotic hyperostosis; six skeletons exhibited cribra orbitalia. Comparison with osteopathological data from other Caddoan sites suggests a fairly high level of adaptive efficiency among the Caddo Indians.

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