Bone “Awls” and Utilized Antler Tines From Arnold Research Cave, 23Cy64, Missouri

Abstract

Bone awls and utilized antler tines from Arnold Research Cave in central Missouri were microscopically examined to determine the type, location, and orientation of wear on them. It is assumed that similar wear patterns indicate similar use and, conversely, dissimilar wear patterns indicate divergent use. The awls were first divided into morphological types as proposed by Kidder (1932). The wear patterns on the awls were then compared both on members within a single morphological type and on members in different morphological types. It is concluded: (1) awls within a single morphological type may exhibit evidence of divergent use, and (2) members of different morphological types may exhibit evidence of similar use. Since the antler tines are morphologically similar, they are classified on the basis of wear patterns. Four different patterns of striations and the presence of abrasion on the distal end indicates there are five classes of antler tine tools in the sample

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