Article1996

Hyperventilation and panic attacks

Bert Garssen · Marieke Buikhuisen · Richard van Dyck

105 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Psychiatry

No readable copy stored yet — this record is metadata only.

No open-access location is known for this record yet.

Literature note Cite in a project Citation map

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments Neuroscience of respiration and sleep

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Hyperventilation has been posed as an important symptom-producing mechanism in panic attacks. Some arguments and experimental findings, such as the possibility of inducing panic symptoms by voluntary hyperventilation in panic disorder patients, seem to favor this suggestion. This study was undertaken to clarify the role of hyperventilation in panic disorder. Long-term ambulatory measurement of transcutaneous arterial CO2 pressure (PCO2) offers an opportunity to test directly the co-occurrence of panic and hyperventilation under natural conditions. METHOD: Transcutaneous PCO2 was measured during three to four sessions of approximately 7 hours each in 28 panic disorder patients. Patients were instructed to expose themselves to fear-provoking situations and to press a button as soon as they experienced panic. One-half of the patients experienced one or more panic attacks during these sessions. RESULTS: A decrease in PCO2 was observed during only one of the 24 registered panic attacks that lasted at least 3 minutes. Even during this particular attack, the degree of hyperventilation was not impressive. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the hypothesis that hyperventilation is an important symptom-producing mechanism in panic may be dismissed.

Paper brief

Loading…

Cite this work

Citation unavailable for this work.

BibTeX RIS CSL-JSON

No public copy is stored for this record, so only the metadata is cited.

Citations in this library

Citation map →

Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 105 citations exist upstream.

References

1986A cognitive approach to panic 1983Reliability of DSM-III Anxiety Disorder Categories Using a New Structured Interview 1985Lactate Provocation of Panic Attacks 1985Respiratory control as a treatment for panic attacks 1988Ventilatory Physiology of Patients With Panic Disorder 1993Carbon dioxide hypersensitivity, hyperventilation, and panic disorder 1986Respiratory Control in the Treatment of Panic Attacks:1986Carbon Dioxide Sensitivity in Panic Anxiety

Cited by

1985The biological basis of anxiety 2011Do Unexpected Panic Attacks Occur Spontaneously?1998Sodium lactate and hypertonic sodium chloride induce equivalent panic incidence, panic symptoms, and hypernatremia in panic disorder 2005Voluntary hyperventilation in the treatment of panic disorder—functions of hyperventilation, their implications for breathing training, and recommendations for standardization 2005Physiological markers for anxiety: Panic disorder and phobias 2008

Explore the map →

Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.

Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.