From The Belles Of St Clement’s To The Book Of Good Love: The Late Survival Of Mozarabic Culture In Toledo

Abstract

Between 1085 and 1391 the ancient walled city of Toledo, in the heart of the Iberian Peninsula, became the unique symbol of a mostly harmonious coexistence of three faiths and five social groups. Three of these were Christian: the Mozarabs, survivors of the original Hispano-Roman Visigoths who lived under Moorish rule from the early eighth century?a group later enlarged by Mozarabs fleeing from Muslim persecution in the south; the castrenses, newly arrived Castilian settlers from the north; and the Franks, mainly from Gascony, Aquitaine, the Auvergne and Toulouse, but not exclusively from the territory we now call France, since the group included any immigrant from northern Europe, who bore such names as Willelmus de Stradfort and Roberto de Wales. Keywords: Belles; Mozarabs; Toledo

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