Article1994

Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in panic disorder and social phobia

Brian J. Cox · David M. Direnfeld · Richard P. Swinson · Gavin Robert Norton

144 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Psychiatry

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Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Personality Disorders and Psychopathology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Using the original National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) suicide questions in a clinical setting and including a comparison group of patients with social phobia, the authors attempted to replicate the finding of Weissman and associates of a greater risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts associated with panic disorder. METHOD: One hundred six patients with panic disorder and 41 patients with social phobia answered the five ECA suicide questions and completed a psychometric assessment package at an anxiety disorders clinic. RESULTS: Thirty-three (31%) of the patients with panic disorder and 14 (34%) of the patients with social phobia reported suicidal ideation in the past year, but only one of the patients with panic disorder and two of the patients with social phobia actually made suicide attempts in the past year. Nineteen (18%) of the patients with panic disorder and five (12%) of the patients with social phobia reported making suicide attempts at other times in their lives. Patients who had made past suicide attempts were significantly more likely to report previous psychiatric hospitalizations and past treatment for depression than were patients who had never attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS: These results are consistent with the findings of Weissman and associates that a large proportion of individuals with panic disorder report suicidal ideation. However, many patients with social phobia also reported suicidal ideation, and few individuals in either diagnostic group had actually made recent suicide attempts. Although 12%-18% of the patients reported lifetime suicide attempts, there is evidence to suggest that these were in the context of depressive symptoms.

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References

1961An Inventory for Measuring Depression 1988An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties.1979Brief standard self-rating for phobic patients 1992Social Phobia 1993Mental disorders and comorbidity in suicide 1989Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts in Panic Disorder and Attacks 1982Excess Mortality in Panic Disorder 1993Diagnostic comorbidity in persons with suicidal ideation and behavior

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2011Panic as an Independent Risk Factor for Suicide Attempt in Depressive Illness 2008Suicidal ideation and anxiety disorders: Elevated risk or artifact of comorbid depression?2012Social Anxiety Disorder 1995A Reanalysis of Data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study 1997Brofaromine for Social Phobia 2011Suicide attempts versus nonsuicidal self-injury among individuals with anxiety disorders in a nationally representative sample

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