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Ukraine is home to one of the world's fastest growing HIV epidemic and has received significant amounts of foreign aid to help it tackle the crisis. This study is an enquiry into the implementation of the Global Fund against AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) programmes in Ukraine, during the second decade of this country's post-Soviet economic and political transition. The discussion is positioned within a broader debate on aid effectiveness. By looking at the GFATM as an aid institution whose establishment was purported to improve the aid delivery process, the thesis offers a critical insight on the GFATM aid delivery model in the context of Ukraine. The thesis investigates the conduct and practice of INGO and national NGOs in their role as Principal Recipients of GFATM grants targeting HIV prevention in Ukraine. Based on ethnographical enquiry conducted in three oblasts in Ukraine, and in capital Kyiv, the thesis aims to understand how NGOs have implemented HIV prevention services in context of state-owned health care system and to determine the perceived effects of the GF programmes on the ground. The thesis situates analysis of NGOs into a broader socio-political context of post-Soviet Ukraine and questions their role as central actors in delivering essential HIV programmes in parallel with or instead of the state, as well as the consequences for sustainability of such programmes. Using the particular experience in Ukraine, the thesis shows the influence of global funding institutions on relationships between state and civil society and altering of civil society's roles in aid programmes. The thesis includes a comprehensive literature analysis about the Global Fund and other donor programmes working in Ukraine in the area of HIV/AIDS.
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