Introduction

Abstract

House images move in two directions: they are in us as much as we are in them. (Gaston Bachelard 1964: xxxiii) T he essays in this collection are concerned with houses, but not simply with houses as physical structures. They focus instead on the interrelations between buildings, people and ideas, using ethnographic case studies to reveal some of the different ways in which houses come to stand for social groups and represent the world around them. Places in which the to and fro of life unfolds, built, modified, moved or abandoned in accord with the changing circumstances of their inhabitants, houses have dynamic, processual characteristics encapsulated in the word ‘dwelling’. These characteristics, shared by buildings and the groups and categories they represent, are also reflected in the chapters that follow. Inspired by Lévi-Strauss's writings on ‘house societies’ and based on a workshop held in Cambridge in the spring of 1990, our book has two interconnected aims. We take a sympathetic but critical look at Lévi-Strauss's ideas of the house as a specific form of social organization, testing its utility against empirical cases drawn from Southeast Asia and lowland South America. Forms of social organization in these two areas show both striking parallels and marked contrasts and each has a key role in Lévi-Strauss's studies of kinship, South America representing the earliest phase and Southeast Asia the most recent.