Statistical Evidence for the Similarity of the Human Dentition

Mary A. Bush · Peter J. Bush · H. David Sheets

53 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Forensic Sciences

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Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies Forensic and Genetic Research Reliability and Agreement in Measurement

Abstract

Recent scrutiny of forensic science has focused on unreliability of expert witness testimony when based on statements of individuality. In bitemark analysis, assumptions regarding uniqueness of the dentition have been based on use of the product rule while ignoring correlation and nonuniformity of dental arrangement. To examine the effect of these factors, two separate sets of scanned dental models (n=172 and n=344) were measured and statistically tested to determine match rates. Results were compared to those of a prior study. Seven and 16 matches of the six anterior lower teeth were found in the respective data sets. Correlations and nonuniform distributions of tooth positions were observed. Simulation tests were performed to verify results. Results indicate that given experimental measurement parameters, statements of dental uniqueness with respect to bitemark analysis in an open population are unsupportable and that use of the product rule is inappropriate.

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References

2009Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward 2009Forensics without uniqueness, conclusions without individualization: the new epistemology of forensic identification 2008The Individualization Fallacy in Forensic Science Evidence 1984Statistical Evidence for the Individuality of the Human Dentition 2008Biomechanical Factors in Human Dermal Bitemarks in a Cadaver Model*

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2012Collection and recording of radiological information for forensic purposes 2020Automated Identification from Dental Data (AutoIDD): A new development in digital forensics 2011Dental Shape Match Rates in Selected and Orthodontically Treated Populations in New York State: A Two-dimensional Study*2010Similarity and match rates of the human dentition in three dimensions: relevance to bitemark analysis 2013Practical relevance of pattern uniqueness in forensic science 2020Forensic dental identification using two-dimensional photographs of a smile and three-dimensional dental models: A 2D-3D superimposition method 2017Uniqueness of the anterior dentition three-dimensionally assessed for forensic bitemark analysis

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