Review2012

Hope, older adults, and chronic illness: a metasynthesis of qualitative research

Wendy Duggleby · Deborah Hicks · Cheryl Nekolaichuk · Lorraine F. Holtslander · Allison Williams · Thane Chambers +1 more

145 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Advanced Nursing

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Optimism, Hope, and Well-being Cancer survivorship and care Aging and Gerontology Research

Abstract

AIM: To report a metasynthesis review of qualitative research studies exploring the hope experience of older persons with chronic illness. BACKGROUND: Hope is a psychosocial resource used by persons to deal with their chronic illness experience. DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive search of multiple databases for studies of the hope experience (published 1980-2010) was completed. Inclusion criteria were included qualitative studies of the hope experience of persons (all genders; mean age 60 years and older), with chronic illnesses, and publications in any language and country. REVIEW METHODS: The metasynthesis followed four procedural steps: (a) comprehensive search, (b) quality appraisal, (c) classification of studies, and (d) synthesis of findings. RESULTS: Twenty studies were included in the metasynthesis representing research from a variety of different countries and populations with differing medical diagnoses. The characteristics of hope included: (a) dynamic or situational nature, (b) multiple co-existing types, (c) objects that were desirable realistic possibilities, (d) future-focused, and (e) involvement of choice/will. Hope as 'transcending possibilities' represented the integration of two processes of transcendence and positive reappraisal. Reaching inwardly and outwardly and finding meaning and purpose were sub-processes of transcendence, whereas re-evaluating hope in light of illness and finding positive possibilities were sub-processes of positive reappraisal. CONCLUSIONS: The concept of hope may differ for older adults vs. younger adults in its interaction with suffering. Resources for hope are both internal and external. Finding meaning and positive reappraisal are important strategies to help older adults with chronic illness maintain their hope.

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References

1985Stress, appraisal, and coping 2013Stress: Appraisal and Coping 1998Antecedent- and response-focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology.1946Man's Search for Meaning 2006Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research 2000Handbook of hope: Theory, measures, and applications.2008Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research Margaret Sandelowski and Julie Barroso; 2007; New York: Springer Publishing Company; $50.00; 284 pages; softcover.2006Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

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2015Using Sandelowski and Barroso’s Meta-Synthesis Method in Advancing Qualitative Evidence 2013Nurse–patient interaction is a resource for hope, meaning in life and self‐transcendence in nursing home patients 2016Parents' voices: ‘why and how we advocate’. A meta‐synthesis of parents' experiences of advocating for their child with autism spectrum disorder 2014Meta-Analyses of Predictors of Hope in Adolescents 2018A meta‐synthesis of how parents of children with autism describe their experience of advocating for their children during the process of diagnosis

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