No open-access location is known for this record yet.
No open-access location is known for this record yet.
SUMMARY This paper investigates competitive equilibrium between road pricing and parking charging when the responses of road users and the equity issue of road pricing are taken into consideration. To determine the equilibrium, this paper presents a multiobjective bilevel programming model with an equity constraint. The lower level is a time-dependent network equilibrium problem with elastic demand that simultaneously considers road users’ choice of departure time, route, and parking location, and the upper level is a multiobjective program that maximizes the social welfare of the system with an equity constraint and the total revenue of the car park operator. A penalty function approach that is embedded by a multiobjective simulated annealing method is developed to solve the problem. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the methodology.
Loading…
Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 17 citations exist upstream.
Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.