Percepção de dor, atenção visual e aversão a risco financeiro na tomada de decisão.

Abstract

The current prodominant framework in the study of decision-making is that human behaviour is a result of a complex interaction between neural process underling cognition and emotion.Therefore, the affective flavour of the possible decision results would be crucial to the choice, and individuals with different tolerance to these results would also present distint tolerance to risk (as they have specific sensibilities to negative results).As decision-making is generally modulated to minimize aversive outcomes, individual diferences related to risk-aversion could be good predictors of pain perception.Based on this idea, this study aims to explore wether finantial risk-averse individuals would present different tolerance to physical (nociception), social and "imagetic" pain (experienced by the observation of low valence and right arousal images) from less risk-averse individuals.Similarly, these personal differences would also be observed in the modulation of visual attention.In finantial decisions, for example, (eg.purchase decisions) personal traits on sensibility to price or product would be reveled through the way the person visually explores the decision scenario.Therefore, this study also aims to investigate how the modulation of visual attention varies in finantial decisions, in wich prices are framed in different ways.The results indicate that, in fact, there is a relashionship between the sensibility to the three domains of pain considered here and finantial risk-aversion.This might be a result of the fact they may share at least part of the same neural system.Moreover, it was observed that individual differences in decision-making are reflected on the way individuals visually explore the options available, and eye-movements turn out to be good predictors of choice.Therefore, in order to understand the decision-making process, individual traits must be taken into account, especially aversion to risk.Decisions might be made, ultimately, aiming to avoid aversives outcomes, or pain.With this study, we hope to collaborate to a better understanding of the decision processes in humans.

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