Suicide and Attempted Suicide

Abstract

Suicide and attempted suicide are both serious public health issues clearly related to depression. However, the non-overlap is substantial, with a large majority of depressed people not engaging in any suicidal behaviour and only around half of people who complete suicide being depressed. The presence or absence of other factors might help explain this divergence. Factors such as other psychiatric diagnoses, especially personality disorder, protective factors, and other psychological factors such as personality and affective traits, and problem solving skills have all been shown to distinguish suicidal from non-suicidal depressed individuals. The relationship between depression and suicidality is also mainly dependent of one particular facet of depression - hopelessness about the future. The complexity of factors associated with suicidality has meant that risk assessment is imprecise and treatment only moderately successful, a situation that may be improved by a modular approach that tailors treatment to the variety and complexity of individuals profiles.

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