Bilingualism and Multilingualism in North America

Abstract

This chapter begins by establishing its terms of reference, followed by an overview of the nature of language contact and plurilingualism in North America. It then describes its borderlands, its people and the languages spoken, their bilingual communities, trends and prospects for the future, and finally a brief guide to research on bilingualism in North America. Basic to the study of bilingualism in any area are the identification and location of its languages. The variables of bilingualism are equally applicable to the use of three or more languages, that is, to cases of multilingualism. Although North Americans have had a worldwide reputation as English-speaking monolinguals, the incidence of plurilingualism in North America is generally high.

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