Each year, approximately 26,000 young people age out of foster care in the United States. A majority of them are only 18 years old at the time of this transition because, in practice, few states allow young people to remain in care much beyond their 18th birthday. This reflects the fact that federal reimbursement for the costs of out-of-home care has been limited to foster youth under age 18, or under age 19 if they are likely to graduate from high school or an equivalent program before their 19th birthday. However, several factors—including an evolving understanding of normative development, growing knowledge about the diverse needs of foster youth, and changing views of the state’s role and responsibilities as parent when children are removed from home—are leading policymakers to reassess how to support young people transitioning from foster care to independence. The Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008 will soon allow states to claim federal reimbursement for the costs of caring for and supervising Title IV-E eligible foster youth until age 21. As states consider whether to respond to this legislation
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