Articlehybrid2019

Gaps in Sexual Assault Health Care Among Homeless Young Adults

Diane Santa Maria · Khara Breeden · Stacy A. Drake · Sarah C. Narendorf · Anamika Barman‐Adhikari · Robin Petering +4 more

31 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Homelessness and Social Issues

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Young adults experiencing homelessness are at increased risk for sexual assault. Receiving a post-sexual assault examination has important implications for HIV and unintended pregnancy prevention; yet, utilization is not well understood. In a population at elevated risk for HIV, unintended pregnancy, and sexual violence, identifying barriers and facilitators to post-sexual assault examination is imperative. METHODS: As part of a large, multisite study to assess youth experiencing homelessness across 7 cities in the U.S, a cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2016 and July 2017. Data were analyzed in 2019 to determine the prevalence and correlates of sexual violence and examine the correlates of post-sexual assault examination utilization. RESULTS: Respondents (n=1,405), aged 18-26 years, were mainly youth of color (38% black, 17% Latinx) and identified as cisgender male (59%) and lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer (29%). HIV risks were high: 23% of participants had engaged in trade sex, 32% had experienced sexual assault as a minor, and 39% had experienced sexual exploitation. Young adults reported high rates of sexual assault (22%) and forced sex (24%). Yet, only 29% of participants who were forced to have sex received a post-sexual assault examination. Latinx young adults were more likely than other races/ethnicities to receive post-assault care. Participants frequently said they did not get a post-sexual assault exam because they did not want to involve the legal system and did not think it was important. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions are needed to increase use of preventive care after experiencing sexual assault among young adults experiencing homelessness.

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1998Relationship of Childhood Abuse and Household Dysfunction to Many of the Leading Causes of Death in Adults 1990Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall 2011National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey: 2010 Summary Report 2017National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) : 2010-2012 state report 2001Preventing the “Second Rape”2011The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS); 2010 findings on victimization by sexual orientation 2005Intimate Partner Sexual Assault Against Women: Frequency, Health Consequences, and Treatment Outcomes 2005The Effectiveness of Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (SANE) Programs

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