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The centrepiece of the new Labour administration’s Crime and Disorder Act, which received royal assent in July 1998, was a statutory duty for local authorities and constabularies to formulate and implement ‘crime and disorder strategies’ in each local government district. This provision indicated national government recognition of the central role of local authorities in reducing crime and restoring order at the district level in England and Wales. It was the culmination of a long campaign, fought by local authorities since the mid-1980s, to stake a claim as a principal actor in the policy response to local crime and disorder. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 8 citations exist upstream.
Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.