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A Two Process Model of Infant Visual Attention.

127 citations0/0 files storedMerrill-palmer Quarterly

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Child and Animal Learning Development Visual perception and processing mechanisms Visual Attention and Saliency Detection

Abstract

I would like to construct a model for you, a model of infant atten tion. It would be better to construct it rather than simply to describe it for at least two reasons. First, it should be easier to follow,· it provides a convenient way of organizing a large body of research on infant attention. Second, and more importantly, it should also provide some idea of how the model gradually evolved. This model is not formal by any means. It is not yet at the stage where we can estimate parameters or make quantitative predictions. Instead it is an example of the typical flow chart, schematic, arrow, and box type of model so common in psychology today. However, as I hope to show in this paper, most of the boxes and arrows have empirical support. The model has also been a valuable heuristic; it has guided our research on infant attention and has suggested new hypotheses we might not have otherwise discovered. Before the model is discussed, however, it might be valuable to review the literature on infant attention, very briefly and superficially, for those of you who might not be too familiar with the rapid growth of this area over the last few years. Actually, observers of infants have been interested in attention for many years. The interest goes back at least as far as Darwin (1877) who describes in his infant biography the kinds of stimuli his little son looked at and at what age the boy first started visually tracking a candle or other moving objects. Sub sequently, other studies began to appear,· some (e.g. Beasley, 1933; Ling, 1942) were refinements of Darwin's study of visual tracking ability; and others (e.g. Staples, 1932; Valentine, 1914), examinations of infant visual preferences. In one of the latter ones an experimenter held balls of yarn of different colors in front of his infant to see which

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References

1957Analysis of exploratory, manipulatory, and curiosity behaviors.1970Memory in the infant 1972ATTENTION-GETTING AND ATTENTION-HOLDING PROCESSES OF INFANT VISUAL PREFERENCES 1966Age Differences in Infants' Attention to Patterns of Different Complexities

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2000A connectionist account of asymmetric category learning in early infancy.1978Effects of Caregiver Behavior on Habituation Rate and Self-Efficacy in Infants 1983The Development of Walking 2010No two cues are alike: Depth of learning during infancy is dependent on what orients attention 1982Discrimination of auditory target dimensions in the presence or absence of variation in a second dimension by infants 1999A computational and neuropsychological account of object‐oriented behaviours in infancy 1983The partial-lag design: A method for controlling spontaneous regression in the infant-control habituation paradigm 2001Three-Month-Old Infants' Categorization of Animals and Vehicles Based on Static and Dynamic Attributes

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