Zur Validierung theoretischer Konstrukte – Wissenschaftstheoretische Aspekte des Validierungskonzepts

Abstract

Abstract The validity of theoretical constructs, a problem which is mainly dealt with in psychological test theory but which is also relevant for sociological questions, is analyzed with regard to its epistemological basis, i.e. Carnap’s contextual model. The concept of construct validity thus comprises two aspects: (a) the validity of the indicators which are used for measuring the dimension of reality, i.e. the question as to whether the dimension under consideration is adequately represented by the indicators;(b) the validity of the construct itself, i.e. the question as to whether the construct - as a scientist’s conjecture - implies an empirically and theoretically meaningful hypothesis. The discussion of the various types of validity shows (1) that the problem of the empirically and theoretically meaningful construct can be solved by means of a criterion of prognostic relevance, and (2) that the construct validity is generally tested according to the falsification model of theory testing.

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