Demographic correlates of low hemoglobin deferral among prospective whole blood donors

Alan E. Mast · Karen S. Schlumpf · David J. Wright · Brian Custer · Bryan R. Spencer · Edward L. Murphy +1 more

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Blood donation and transfusion practices Iron Metabolism and Disorders Blood transfusion and management

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Approximately 10% of attempted blood donations are not allowed because of low hemoglobin (Hb) deferral. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Low Hb deferrals were tracked in more 715,000 whole blood donors at six blood centers across the United States. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to comprehensively assess demographic correlates for low Hb deferral. RESULTS: Demographic factors significantly associated with low Hb deferral include female sex (11 times greater odds than males), increasing age in men (men over 80 have 29 times greater odds than men under 20), African American race (2-2.5 times greater odds than Caucasians), Hispanic ethnicity in women (1.29 times greater odds than Caucasian women), and weight in men (men under 124 pounds have 2.5 times greater odds than men over 200 pounds). Interestingly, increasing donation frequency is associated with decreased odds for low Hb deferral (women with one donation in the previous 12 months have two times greater odds than those with six donations). CONCLUSIONS: Low Hb deferral is associated with female sex, older age, African American race/ethnicity, and lower body weight in men. An inverse association with donation frequency suggests a selection bias in favor of donors able to give more frequently. These data provide useful information that can be utilized to manage blood donors to limit low Hb deferrals and assist in policy decisions such as changing the Hb cutoff or permissible frequency of donation. They also generate hypotheses for new research of the causes of anemia in defined groups of donors.

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References

2007The consequences of temporary deferral on future whole blood donation 1998The effect of short‐term, temporary deferral on future blood donation 2006Iron depletion by whole‐blood donation harms menstruating females: The current whole‐blood‐collection paradigm needs to be changed

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2010Minority donation in the United States: challenges and needs 2013Low hemoglobin deferral in blood donors 2020Supplemental findings of the 2017 National Blood Collection and Utilization Survey 2012Analysis of donor deferral at three blood centers in Brazil 2012The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Studies (Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study and Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study-II): Twenty Years of Research to Advance Blood Product Safety and Availability 2019Elevated risk for iron depletion in high‐school age blood donors 2014Women as whole blood donors: offers, donations and deferrals in the province of Huelva, south-western Spain.2012Development and validation of a prediction model for low hemoglobin deferral in a large cohort of whole blood donors

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