The Canadian census mortality follow-up study, 1991 through 2001.

Russell Wilkins · Michael Tjepkema · Cameron Mustard · Robert Choinière

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Health disparities and outcomes Global Cancer Incidence and Screening Public Health and Social Inequalities

Abstract

BACKGROUND: An important step in monitoring progress toward reducing or eliminating inequalities in health is to determine the distribution of mortality rates across various groups defined by education, occupation, income, language, ethnicity, and Aboriginal, visible minority and disability status. This article describes the methods used to link census data from the long-form questionnaire to mortality data, and reports simple findings for the major groups. DATA AND METHODS: Mortality from June 4, 1991 to December 31, 2001 was tracked among a 15% sample of the adult population of Canada, who completed the 1991 census long-form questionnaire (about 2.7 million, including 260,000 deaths). Age-specific and age-standardized mortality rates were calculated across the various groups, as were hazard ratios and period life tables. RESULTS: Compared with people of higher socio-economic status, mortality rates were elevated among those of lower socio-economic status, regardless of whether status was determined by education, occupation or income. The findings reveal a stair-stepped gradient, with bigger steps near the bottom of the socio-economic hierarchy.

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References

1995US mortality by economic, demographic, and social characteristics: the National Longitudinal Mortality Study.2003Widening socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in six Western European countries 1987The 1981 socioeconomic index for occupations in Canada 1996Educational differentials in mortality: United States, 1979–1985 1985The Life Table and Its Applications.2005Educational inequalities in cause-specific mortality in middle-aged and older men and women in eight western European populations 2004Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among elderly people in 11 European populations 1989Health inequalities in European countries

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