Facing globalization and increased trade: Catalonia's evolution from industrial region to knowledge and creative economy

Abstract

Catalonia is experiencing a crucial transformation of its productive model. The main changes are exemplified by an intense process of substitution of the traditional aspects (low-technology manufacturing base and orientation towards internal markets) for a model of development characterized by the combined importance of creative industries and high-tech manufacturing activities, and oriented to external markets. The new competitive bases of the regional economy rely on three factors: urbanization and network economies, changes in the productive structure and the generation of innovations linked with export capacity. Resumen. Cataluña esta experimentando una transformación crucial de su modelo productivo. Los cambios principales están ejemplificados por un proceso intenso de sustitución de los aspectos tradicionales (base manufacturera de baja tecnología y orientación hacia mercados internos) por un modelo de desarrollo caracterizado por una importancia combinada de industrias creativas y actividades manufactureras de alta tecnología, y orientado a mercados externos. Las nuevas bases competitivas de la economía regional dependen de tres factores: urbanización y economías de red, cambios en la estructura productiva y la generación de innovación vinculada a la capacidad exportadora.

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