Environment and Behavior of 2.5-Million-Year-Old Bouri Hominids

Jean de Heinzelin · J. Desmond Clark · Tim D. White · William K. Hart · Paul Randall Renne · Giday WoldeGabriel +2 more

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Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Evolution and Paleontology Studies Primate Behavior and Ecology

Abstract

The Hata Member of the Bouri Formation is defined for Pliocene sedimentary outcrops in the Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia. The Hata Member is dated to 2.5 million years ago and has produced a new species of Australopithecus and hominid postcranial remains not currently assigned to species. Spatially associated zooarchaeological remains show that hominids acquired meat and marrow by 2.5 million years ago and that they are the near contemporary of Oldowan artifacts at nearby Gona. The combined evidence suggests that behavioral changes associated with lithic technology and enhanced carnivory may have been coincident with the emergence of the Homo clade from Australopithecus afarensis in eastern Africa.

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References

1981Bones: Ancient Men and Modern Myths 19972.5-million-year-old stone tools from Gona, Ethiopia 1995Percussion marks, tooth marks, and experimental determinations of the timing of hominid and carnivore access to long bones at FLK Zinjanthropus, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania 1999Australopithecus garhi : A New Species of Early Hominid from Ethiopia 1992Prehistoric Cannibalism at Mancos 5MTUMR-2346 1994A Quantitative Diagnosis of Notches Made by Hammerstone Percussion and Carnivore Gnawing on Bovid Long Bones 1992Prehistoric Cannibalism at Mancos 5MTUMR-2346 1994African Homo erectus : Old Radiometric Ages and Young Oldowan Assemblages in the Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia

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