A Grammar of Coördinate Conjoined Structures: I

Abstract

An explicit set of phrase structure and transformational rules is presented to account for the correct distribution of grammatical sentences which incorporate the coördinate conjunctions and, or, and nor, the quantifiers each, all, both, either, and neither, and the adverbs simultaneously, independently, en masse, mutually etc. Evidence is given to show that a Coordinate Conjunction Transformation is required in a grammar, and that it should be a substitution transformation, not a reduction transformation. A set of selection features based on properties of the quantifiers each, all, and both are discussed and shown to play a significant role in the grammar of coordinate conjoined structures. Of two hypotheses for describing such structures, one, the Phrase Structure Rule Hypothesis, is shown to extend naturally to the grammar of respectively sentences and reciprocal constructions, including constructions which incorporate the element each other. An alternative hypothesis, the Conjunction Reduction Hypothesis, is shown to have significant failings.

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