Die Bedeutung von Experimentalregeln für die Wissenschaft / Rules for experimentation. Their meaning – cognitive and social

Abstract

Abstract According to TH. KUHN is should be possible to describe a scientific community or specialty by a set of disciplinary commitments. Whilst KUHN spoke of technical-methodological rules and norms only as something shared by the members of a scientific community, this paper intends to make explicit their social function. By rules for experimentation the identity of the object of inquiry is warranted within a scientific community. A survey of the general rules for experimentation is given in so far as they have been made explicit by the philosophy of science. After this the disciplinary significance of rules for experimentation is studied within a special case: the controversy within experimental psychology concerning simple reactions (TITCHENER/BALDWIN). There is found a strong connection between the orientation of research, the constitution of the object by rules for experimentation, and the formation of scientific schools.

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