Article2012

Pilot study of a mindfulness‐based, multi‐component, in‐school group sleep intervention in adolescent girls

Bei Bei · Michelle L. Byrne · Clare Ivens · Joanna M. Waloszek · Paul Dudgeon · Greg Murray +3 more

117 citations0/0 files storedEarly Intervention in Psychiatry

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Abstract

AIM: Existing literature links poor sleep and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. This pilot study aimed to develop a practical method through which a program to improve sleep could reach adolescents in need and to examine the feasibility of a mindfulness-based, multi-component group sleep intervention using sleep and anxiety as outcome measures. METHODS: Sixty-two grade 9 students (aged 13-15) at a girls' school were screened with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS). Ten participants with self-reported poor sleep were enrolled into a six-session program based on Bootzin & Stevens, with added stress/anxiety-specific components. Sessions covered key aspects of basic mindfulness concepts and practice, sleep hygiene, sleep scheduling, evening/daytime habits, stimulus control, skills for bedtime worries and healthy attitudes to sleep. Treatment changes were measured by pre-post scores on the PSQI, SCAS and 7-day actigraphy-measured sleep. RESULTS: The program demonstrated high acceptability, with a completion rate of 90%. Based on effect-size analysis, participants showed significant improvement on objective sleep onset latency (SOL), sleep efficiency and total sleep time; actigraphy data also showed significantly earlier bedtime, rise time and smaller day-to-day bedtime variation. Post-intervention global PSQI scores were significantly lower than that of pre-intervention, with significant improvement in subjective SOL, sleep quality and sleep-related daytime dysfunction. There were small improvements on some subscales of the SCAS, but change on its total score was minimal. CONCLUSIONS: A mindfulness-based, multi-component, in-school group sleep intervention following brief screening is feasible, and has the potential to improve sleep. Its impact on anxiety needs further investigation.

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References

1989The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research 1998A measure of anxiety symptoms among children 2006Meditation states and traits: EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies.2009Mindful emotion regulation: An integrative review 2006Psychological And Behavioral Treatment Of Insomnia: Update Of The Recent Evidence (1998–2004)2011Recent worldwide sleep patterns and problems during adolescence: A review and meta-analysis of age, region, and sleep 2004Television Viewing, Computer Game Playing, and Internet Use and Self-Reported Time to Bed and Time out of Bed in Secondary-School Children 2008Adolescent Insomnia as a Risk Factor for Early Adult Depression and Substance Abuse

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