Effects of Cooperative Learning and Individualized Instruction on Mainstreamed Students

Robert E. Slavin · Nancy A. Madden · Marshall B. Leavey

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Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods Behavioral and Psychological Studies

Abstract

This study examines the effects on mainstreamed academically handicapped students of an instructional method, Team Assisted Individualization (TAI), that combined cooperative learning with individualized instruction in mathematics. Eighteen classes (grades 3–5) in six schools were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: TAI; individualized instruction (II) without cooperative teams; or control. The 117 academically handicapped students in these classes served as the subjects. The TAI and II methods both had significantly positive effects on the social acceptance of academically handicapped students by their nonhandicapped classmates, on their attitudes toward math, and on teacher ratings of their behavior. No achievement differences were found, although students as a whole (handicapped and nonhandicapped) in TAI and II classes achieved more than control students.

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1965Group cohesiveness as interpersonal attraction: A review of relationships with antecedent and consequent variables.1981The Development of Children's Friendships 1974Instructional Goal Structure: Cooperative, Competitive, or Individualistic 1977Classroom Reward Structure: An Analytical and Practical Review 1983Effects of Cooperative Learning On the Social Acceptance of Mainstreamed Academically Handicapped Students

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1988Redefining the Applied Research Agenda 2017Searching for Validated Inclusive Practices: A Review of the Literature 1984Team Assisted Individualization 2021Targeted school-based interventions for improving reading and mathematics for students with or at risk of academic difficulties in Grades K-6: A systematic review 2000The maintenance of cooperative and helping behaviours in cooperative groups 1989Individualizing the Good Behavior Game Across Type and Frequency of Behavior with Emotionally Disturbed Adolescents 2023Age-related changes in creative thinking during late childhood: The contribution of cooperative learning 1985

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