Violence in Neolithic Iberia: new readings of Levantine rock art

Esther López-Montalvo

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Archaeological and Geological Studies Archaeological and Historical Studies Archaeology and Rock Art Studies

Abstract

How violent was life in Neolithic society, and was there anything resembling organised warfare? Recent research has largely overturned ideas of peaceful farming societies. Spanish Levantine rock art offers a unique insight into conflict in Neolithic society, with images of violence, real or imagined, being acted out in scenes preserved in rockshelters. Combining this body of data with evidence from the archaeological record, a new way of understanding the imagery in rock art is here proposed. Ethnographic and anthropological methodologies allow the author to show how socio-cultural behaviours and individual social roles can be read from rock art.

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References

1996War before civilization 1997Demonic Males: Apes and the Origins of Human Violence.1998Demonic males: Apes and the origins of human violence 2001A Bioarchaeological Perspective on the History of Violence 1995Pathways to Power 1995Foundations of Social Inequality 2002Ancient Warfare: Archaeological Perspectives 2003Anthropology, archaeology, and the origin of warfare

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2018Hunting scenes in Spanish Levantine rock art: An unequivocal chrono-cultural marker of Epipalaeolithic and Mesolithic Iberian societies?2018The beginning of the Neolithic in the mid-Ebro valley and in Iberia’s Inland (Northern and Southern submeseta), Spain 2019Gender Inequalities in Neolithic Iberia: A Multi-Proxy Approach 2015"Paquípodos": A difficult motive in the chronology of the Levantine Art

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