Within-Job Wage Discrimination and the Gender Wage Gap: The Case of Norway

Abstract

It has been established for the USA that men and women working in the same occupation for the same employer receive more or less the same pay. So-called within-job wage discrimination is hence not a driving force for the gender wage gap. Below we report the first comparative arid the second comprehensive empirical study of wage differences between men and women in the same specific occupation within the same establishment for a European economy: Norway. We report three striking findings. The first is that wage differences are relatively small when one compares men and women who work in the same occupation and establishment: women on average earn 2-6 per cent less per hour than men. The second finding is that it is occupational segregation which really accounts for the existing wage differences and that establishment segregation accounts for less. The third finding is that the within-occupation gaps are relatively small, at less than 10 per cent. We conducted these analyses for two years, 1984 and 1990.

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