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The Effects of Top-down/Bottom-up Processing and Field-dependent/Field-independent Cognitive Style on Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension
16 references·0 citing·42 second hop
The Effects of Top-down/Bottom-up Processing and Field-dependent/Field-independent Cognitive Style on Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension (2014)The Effects of Top-down/Bottom-up Process…Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (2025)Principles of Language Learni…Learning Styles and Their Implications in Learning and Teaching (2011)Learning Styles and Their Imp…Field dependence-independence (FDI) cognitive style: an analysis of attentional functioning. (2007)Field dependence-independence…Field-dependence/independence: cognitive style or perceptual ability?––validating against thinking styles and academic achievement (2004)Field-dependence/independence…An insight into listeners' problems: too much bottom-up or too much top-down? (2004)An insight into listeners' pr…Bottom-up or Top-down Processing as a Discriminator of L2 Listening Performance (1998)Bottom-up or Top-down Process…Field dependence‐independence and academic achievement: a re‐examination of their relationship (1997)Field dependence‐independence…Reading in EFL: facts and fictions (1996)Reading in EFL: facts and fic…The relationship between the learning strategies and learning styles in a hypermedia environment (1994)The relationship between the …Current Developments in Second Language Reading Research (1991)Current Developments in Secon…Schema theory and ESL reading pedagogy (1988)Schema theory and ESL reading…Field Independence-Dependence and the Teaching of Grammar (1985)Field Independence-Dependence…Schema Theory and ESL Reading Pedagogy (1983)Schema Theory and ESL Reading…Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (1981)Principles of Language Learni…One Second of Reading. (1972)One Second of Reading.A Manual for the embedded figures tests (1971)A Manual for the embedded fig…Toward a model of text comprehension and production. (1978)Strategies of Discourse Comprehension (1985)Handbook of reading research (1991)Incidental Vocabulary Learning by Advanced Foreign Language Students: The Influence of Marginal Glosses, Dictionary Use, and Reoccurrence of Unknown Words (1996)A vocabulary-size test of controlled productive ability (1999)Insights into Second Language Reading (2005)Field-Dependent and Field-Independent Cognitive Styles and Their Educational Implications (1977)Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (1988)Interactive Multimedia and Learning: Realizing the Benefits (2001)Learning style, learning patterns, and learning performance in a WebCT-based MIS course (2003)What type of learning style leads to online participation in the mixed-mode e-learning environment? A study of software usage instruction (2011)Toward an Interactive-Compensatory Model of Individual Differences in the Development of Reading Fluency (1980)Repetition priming and frequency attenuation in lexical access. (1984)A cognitive perspective on language learners' listening comprehension problems (2000)Bricks or Mortar: Which Parts of the Input Does a Second Language Listener Rely on? (2008)Listening comprehension and strategy use: A longitudinal exploration (2008)How much vocabulary is needed to use English? Replication of van Zeeland & Schmitt (2012), Nation (2006) and Cobb (2007) (2015)CULTURAL THOUGHT PATTERNS IN INTER‐CULTURAL EDUCATION (1966)Reading: A psycholinguistic guessing game (1967)Understanding Reading: A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Reading and Learning to Read (1972)Cross-language transfer of phonological awareness. (1993)Frequency of Use, Perceived Usefulness, and Actual Usefulness of Second Language Vocabulary Strategies: A Study of Hong Kong Learners (2003)Preparing Mainstream Teachers for English-Language Learners: Is Being a Good Teacher Good Enough?. (2005)The Principles of Psychology (1891)Thought and language (1962)The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1963)Language Learning Motivation: Expanding the Theoretical Framework (1994)Social Identity, Investment, and Language Learning (1995)Willingness to Communicate in a Second Language: The Japanese EFL Context (2002)Bringing Literacy to Life: Issues and Options in Adult ESL Literacy (1993)Ways of Knowing: Writing with Grammar in Mind (2005)L1 and L2 Strategy Use in Reading Comprehension of Chinese EFL Readers (2010)Cognitive Styles—an overview and integration (1991)Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volumes of the Hippocampus and the Amygdala in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder and Early Traumatization (2000)Language testing and assessment (Part I) (2001)Effects of listening strategy instruction on news videotext comprehension (2009)Learning to read: an unnatural act (1980)The time course of phonological code activation in two writing systems (1985)Word identification in reading and the promise of subsymbolic psycholinguistics. (1990)English Language Teaching in the “Post-Method” Era: Toward Better Diagnosis, Treatment, and Assessment (2002)Factors to Consider: Developing Adult EFL Students' Speaking Abilities (2002)Using peer feedback in the ESL writing class (2004)
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References

  • 1981Principles of Language Learning and Teaching5,172 cited
  • 2025Principles of Language Learning and Teaching2,139 cited
  • 1971A Manual for the embedded figures tests1,200 cited
  • 1991Current Developments in Second Language Reading Research996 cited
  • 1983Schema Theory and ESL Reading Pedagogy884 cited
  • 1972One Second of Reading.595 cited
  • 1994The relationship between the learning strategies and learning styles in a hypermedia environment223 cited
  • 1998Bottom-up or Top-down Processing as a Discriminator of L2 Listening Performance204 cited
  • 2004An insight into listeners' problems: too much bottom-up or too much top-down?178 cited
  • 1988Schema theory and ESL reading pedagogy144 cited
  • 2004Field-dependence/independence: cognitive style or perceptual ability?––validating against thinking styles and academic achievement128 cited
  • 1997Field dependence‐independence and academic achievement: a re‐examination of their relationship120 cited
  • 1985Field Independence-Dependence and the Teaching of Grammar112 cited
  • 2007Field dependence-independence (FDI) cognitive style: an analysis of attentional functioning.107 cited
  • 1996Reading in EFL: facts and fictions

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93 cited
  • 2011Learning Styles and Their Implications in Learning and Teaching53 cited
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