Pregnancy outcomes and intimate partner violence in New Zealand

Janet Fanslow · Martha Silva

90 citations0/0 files storedAustralian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Reproductive Health and Contraception Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions

Abstract

AIM: This study aims to describe pregnancy outcomes for a population-based sample of New Zealand women, and to explore the relationship between lifetime experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) and two non-birth pregnancy outcomes: spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) and termination of pregnancy (abortion). METHODS: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a random sample of 2391 women who had ever been pregnant, aged 18-64 years old, in two regions (urban and rural). Both outcome measures were determined by asking women if they had ever had a miscarriage or an abortion. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression. RESULTS: Almost one in three ever-pregnant women reported having at least one miscarriage, and at least one in ten reported terminating a pregnancy. Even controlling for potential confounders, women who had ever experienced IPV were 1.4 times more likely to report they had ever had a miscarriage compared with women who had never experienced violence (P = 0.008), and were 2.5 times more likely to report they had ever had an abortion (P < 0.0001). Ethnicity was significantly associated with experiencing a miscarriage (Asian and Pacific women were less likely compared with European/Pākehā women), and having ever had an abortion (Asian women were 3.5 times more likely compared with Pākehā women). CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based sample, miscarriage was relatively common, as was termination of pregnancy. IPV was significantly associated with both induced and spontaneous abortion. Healthcare settings that see women experiencing these pregnancy outcomes need to be cognisant of the link with current and historical IPV, and be able to respond to women appropriately.

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References

2001Theories for social epidemiology in the 21st century: an ecosocial perspective 2005WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women: Initial Results on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and Women's Responses 2001Putting women first : ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women 2000Violence and Reproductive Health: Current Knowledge and Future Research Directions 1998Associations between Wife-Beating and Fetal and Infant Death: Impressions from a Survey in Rural India 2004Changes in cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in women victims of physical and psychological intimate partner violence 2004Violence against women in New Zealand: prevalence and health consequences.1998The Prevalence of Domestic Violence Among Women Seeking Abortion

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2015Physical violence against pregnant women by an intimate partner, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Mazandaran Province, Iran 2011Increased risk of miscarriage among women experiencing physical or sexual intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Guatemala City, Guatemala: cross-sectional study 2017Prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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