Articlebronze2003

Workplace bullying and the risk of cardiovascular disease and depression

Mika Kivimaki B · Marianna Virtanen · Maarit A.-L. Vartia · Marko J. Elovainio · Jussi Vahtera · Liisa Keltikangas‐Järvinen

594 citations0/0 files storedOccupational and Environmental Medicine

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Workplace Violence and Bullying Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression Workplace Health and Well-being

Abstract

AIMS: To examine exposure to workplace bullying as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and depression in employees. METHODS: Logistic regression models were related to prospective data from two surveys in a cohort of 5432 hospital employees (601 men and 4831 women), aged 18-63 years. Outcomes were new reports of doctor diagnosed cardiovascular disease and depression during the two year follow up among those who were free from these diseases at baseline. RESULTS: The prevalence of bullying was 5% in the first survey and 6% in the second survey. Two per cent reported bullying experiences in both surveys, an indication of prolonged bullying. After adjustment for sex, age, and income, the odds ratio of incident cardiovascular disease for victims of prolonged bullying compared to non-bullied employees was 2.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 4.6). A further adjustment for overweight at baseline attenuated the odds ratio to 1.6 (95% CI 0.8 to 3.5). The association between prolonged bullying and incident depression was significant, even after these adjustments (odds ratio 4.2, 95% CI 2.0 to 8.6). CONCLUSIONS: A strong association between workplace bullying and subsequent depression suggests that bullying is an aetiological factor for mental health problems. The victims of bullying also seem to be at greater risk of cardiovascular disease, but this risk may partly be attributable to overweight.

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2018What we know, what we do not know, and what we should and could have known about workplace bullying: An overview of the literature and agenda for future research 2015Workplace Bullying and Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis on Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data 2014Workplace bullying as an antecedent of mental health problems: a five-year prospective and representative study 2015Post-traumatic stress disorder as a consequence of bullying at work and at school. A literature review and meta-analysis

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