Article2015

Mass Measurement of 1-kg Silicon Spheres for Determination of the Avogadro and Planck Constants

Shigeki Mizushima · Naoki Kuramoto · Kazunaga Ueda · Kenichi Fujii

10 citations0/0 files storedIEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

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Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques

Abstract

For the accurate determination of the Avogadro and Planck constants by the X-ray crystal density method, the mass of 1-kg silicon spheres must be measured precisely. This paper describes the mass measurement method and the evaluation of its uncertainty at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ). For the precise mass measurement, the amount of the physical adsorption of water vapor on the surface of the silicon spheres, which could be a relative amount of about 10-8of the total mass, was evaluated by comparison weighings both in nitrogen gas and in water vapor at a pressure of about 1200 Pa. In addition, we compare the results of seven 1-kg mass measurements conducted at the NMIJ and the International Bureau of Weights and Measures from 1996 to 2011 to confirm the reliability of our mass measurement.

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References

2012CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2010 2011Determination of the Avogadro Constant by Counting the Atoms in a Si28 Crystal 2011Counting the atoms in a28Si crystal for a new kilogram definition 1994The Third Periodic Verification of National Prototypes of the Kilogram (1988-1992)2014A determination of Planck's constant using the NRC watt balance 2014Determination of the Planck constant using a watt balance with a superconducting magnet system at the National Institute of Standards and Technology 2011Surface layer determination for the Si spheres of the Avogadro project 2004Methods to determine water vapour sorption on mass standards

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2020Impacts of Air Density Fluctuations Toward the Mass Measurements of a 1 kg Silicon Sphere

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