Conventional wisdom on measurement: A structural equation perspective.

Kenneth A. Bollen · Richard D. Lennox

3,610 citations0/0 files storedPsychological Bulletin

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Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Educational Assessment and Pedagogy Mental Health Research Topics

Abstract

The applicability of 5 conventional guidelines for construct measurement is critically examined: (a) Construct indicators should be internally consistent for valid measures, (b) there are optimal magnitudes of correlations between items, (c) the validity of measures depends on the adequacy with which a specified domain is sampled, (d) within-construct correlations must be greater than between-construct correlations, and (e) linear composites of indicators can replace latent variables. A structural equation perspective is used, showing that without an explicit measurement model relating indicators to latent variables and measurement errors, none of these conventional beliefs hold without qualifications. Moreover, a causal indicator model is presented that sometimes better corresponds to the relation of indicators to a construct than does the classical test theory effect indicator model.

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References

1977The CES-D Scale 1961An Inventory for Measuring Depression 1991Structural Equations with Latent Variables.1979Review of Psychometric theory (2nd ed.).1969Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores 1950Measurement and prediction

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