Article2014

Bullying and Weapon Carrying

Mitch van Geel · Paul H. Vedder · Jenny Tanilon

86 citations0/0 files storedArchives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine

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Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression Crime Patterns and Interventions Gun Ownership and Violence Research

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Studies suggest that adolescents involved in bullying are more likely to carry weapons than their uninvolved peers. OBJECTIVE: To use meta-analyses to determine whether victims, bullies, and bully-victims are more likely to carry weapons than uninvolved peers. DATA SOURCES: PsycINFO, ERIC, MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE, and Dissertation Abstracts International were searched for relevant publications (1950 through January 2014). The reference list of a review article and reference lists of retrieved articles were checked for further relevant studies. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they provided an effect size comparing the weapon carrying of adolescent victims, bullies, or bully-victims with that of uninvolved peers. Studies that included individuals older than 21 years were excluded, as were studies that focused on incarcerated youth or youth diagnosed as having a psychopathologic condition. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Studies were coded independently by 2 of us. The agreement rate was 93%. Effect sizes were coded that compared victims, bullies, or bully-victims with uninvolved peers. Meta-analyses were based on 22 studies for victims (n = 257 179), 15 studies for bullies (n = 236 145), and 8 studies for bully-victims (n = 199 563). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: This study focused on weapon carrying among adolescents. Hypotheses were formulated before the study. RESULTS: Victims (odds ratio, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.62-2.39), bullies (3.25; 2.72-3.89), and bully-victims (4.95; 3.77-6.50) were more likely to carry weapons than uninvolved peers. Analyses provided no indication of publication bias. Studies conducted in the United States found stronger relations between being a bully-victim and weapon carrying (odds ratio, 7.84; 95% CI, 6.02-10.21) than studies from other countries (3.62; 2.30-5.68; Q1 = 8.401; P = .004). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Involvement in bullying as a victim, bully, or bully-victim is related to weapon carrying.

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References

1994Bullying at school: what we know and what we can do 2006Assessing heterogeneity in meta-analysis: Q statistic or I² index?2001Bullying Behaviors Among US Youth 2000Twenty Years' Research on Peer Victimization and Psychosocial Maladjustment: A Meta‐analytic Review of Cross‐sectional Studies 1994Bullying at School: Basic Facts and Effects of a School Based Intervention Program 2009Association Between Bullying and Psychosomatic Problems: A Meta-analysis 2004Cross-national Consistency in the Relationship Between Bullying Behaviors and Psychosocial Adjustment 2007Examining the Overlap in Internet Harassment and School Bullying: Implications for School Intervention

Cited by

2015Cyberbullying Matters: Examining the Incremental Impact of Cyberbullying On Outcomes Over and Above Traditional Bullying in North America 2021A Within-Individual Examination of the Predictors of Gun Carrying During Adolescence and Young Adulthood Among Young Men 2019School Shootings in the U.S.: What Is the State of Evidence?2019Is Victimization Associated with Carrying a Weapon? Investigating the Intersection of Sex and Race/Ethnicity

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