CAPACITY BUILDING LESSONS FROM A DECADE OF TRANSITIONAL SETTLEMENT AND SHELTER

Abstract

This paper examines 23 recent case studies of post‐disaster settlement and shelter across Africa, Asia, and Latin America to provide examples of implementing transitional settlement and shelter as a process and how to build more capacity for such programmes. The case studies are examined by using a four‐part framework: (i) Safety, security, and livelihoods; (ii) the question “Transition to what?” in order to understand better how to connect post‐disaster programmes to permanent communities and housing; (iii) fairness and equity; and (iv) connecting relief and development, which also explores root causes of vulnerability. The main lessons identify six specific activities that should be highlighted for capacity building in transitional settlement and shelter: site selection, good governance, participatory and consultative processes, land ownership, logistics, and monitoring and evaluation. Santruka Šiame darbe analizuojami 23 neseniai atliktu nelaimes ištiktu žmoniu apgyvendinimo ir prieglaudu jiems suteikimo Afrikoje, Azijoje ir Lotynu Amerikoje tyrimu rezultatai, pateikiami efektyvaus aprūpinimo laikinosiomis gyvenamosiomis vietomis ir prieglaudomis programu igyvendinimo pavyzdžiai, patariama, kaip didinti šiu programu potenciala. Tyrimu rezultatai nagrinejami remiantis keturiu daliu struktūra: 1) saugumas, apsauga ir pragyvenimo šaltinis; 2) klausimas “Jei laikinas, tai kas po to?”, siekis ištikus nelaimei vykdomas apgyvendinimo programas susieti su pastoviomis bendruomenemis ir nuolatiniu būstu; 3) teisingumas ir lygybe; 4) paramos ir pletros sasaja, pagrindines pažeidžiamumo priežastys. Išskiriamos šešios konkrečios veiklos rūšys, kurias reiketu akcentuoti didinat aprūpinimo laikinosiomis gyvenamosiomis vietomis ir prieglaudu suteikimo potenciala: vietos parinkimas, geras valdymas, dalyvavimo ir konsultavimo procesai, žemes nuosavybe, logistika, stebejimas bei vertinimas.

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