Adverse Behavioral and Emotional Outcomes from Child Abuse and Witnessed Violence

Renee M. Johnsona · Jonathan B. Kotch · Diane Catellier · Jane Winsor · Vincent Dufort · Wanda M. Hunter +1 more

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Child Abuse and Trauma Intimate Partner and Family Violence Child Welfare and Adoption

Abstract

This article examines mental health outcomes of children who have witnessed violence in their social environment and/or have been physically abused. Participants (n = 167) come from a longitudinal study on child maltreatment. Outcomes-including depression, anger, and anxiety--are measured by the Child Behavior Checklist and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children. The authors used adjusted multivariate analyses to test the statistical significance of associations. The majority of children were female (57%) and non-White (64%). One third had been physically victimized; 46% had witnessed moderate-high levels of violence. Results confirm that children are negatively affected by victimization and violence they witness in their homes and neighborhoods. Victimization was a significant predictor of child aggression and depression; witnessed violence was found to be a significant predictor of aggression, depression, anger, and anxiety. Implications will be discussed.

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References

1979Measuring Intrafamily Conflict and Violence: The Conflict Tactics (CT) Scales 1978Assessing the impact of life changes: Development of the Life Experiences Survey.2020Advances in Personal Relationships 1993The Nimh Community Violence Project: I. Children as Victims of and Witnesses to Violence 1987Empirically based assessment of the behavioral/emotional problems of 2- and 3- year-old children 1993Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect 1993Long-term consequences of childhood physical abuse.1999The Overlap Between Child Maltreatment and Woman Battering

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2013Social Work and Adverse Childhood Experiences Research: Implications for Practice and Health Policy 2004A longitudinal study of the effects of chronic maltreatment on children's behavioral and emotional problems 2011A Review of Physical and Mental Health Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect and Implications for Practice 2015Childhood Maltreatment, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation: Critical Importance of Parental and Peer Emotional Abuse during Developmental Sensitive Periods in Males and Females

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