Article1994

Visual lexical access is initially phonological: I. Evidence from associative priming by words, homophones, and pseudohomophones.

278 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Experimental Psychology General

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Reading and Literacy Development Phonetics and Phonology Research Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism

Abstract

In 9 experiments, a target word (e.g., frog) was named following an associate (TOAD), or a word (e.g., TOWED) or nonword (e.g., TODE) homophonic with the associate. At brief (e.g., 50 ms) stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), the 3 primes produced equal associative priming. At a long SOA (250 ms), priming by TOAD was matched by TODE but not by TOWED. Equal priming at brief SOAs by the 3 primes and no priming by orthographic controls (TOLD, TORD) suggests that lexical access is initially phonological. TOWED priming less than TODE at SOA = 250 ms suggests that phonologically activated representations whose input orthography does not match the addressed spelling (available only for words) are eventually suppressed. Phonological constraints on lexical access precede and set the stage for orthographic constraints.

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References

1983The Modularity of Mind 1981An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: I. An account of basic findings.1985Reading Research Advances in Theory and Practice 1978Lexical access in simple reading tasks 1908The Psychology and Pedagogy of Reading.2012Basic Processes in Reading 1972Understanding Reading: A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Reading and Learning to Read 1980Strategies of Information Processing

Cited by

2010Deliberate Learning and Vocabulary Acquisition in a Second Language 2003Does jugde activate COURT? Transposed-letter similarity effects in masked associative priming 1994Visual lexical access is initially phonological: 2. Evidence from phonological priming by homophones and pseudohomophones.2006Masked phonological priming effects in English: Are they real? Do they matter?1997Associative and semantic priming effects occur at very short stimulus-onset asynchronies in lexical decision and naming 2001What do double dissociations prove?

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