Anticipated Stigma and Stigma Management Among Those to be Labeled “Ex-con”

Abstract

Male prisoners (n = 450) estimated public reaction to the label “ex-con” and endorsed likely stigma management strategies. Although most anticipate significant rejection, they prefer preventative telling to withdrawal and secrecy as adjustments. OLS regression finds factors promoting exclusion (devaluation/discrimination beliefs and reduced job opportunities) related to withdrawal and secrecy, whereas factors favoring inclusion (“wise” family and friends and plans to attend church) increase preventative telling and reduce withdrawal and secrecy. To enhance public safety by increasing ex-convicts' openness and visibility, policies should promote social support and economic opportunities. Successful reentry may improve rule-following in general, whereas exclusionary practices may work against post-release control.

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