Quantitative Analysis of Minor and Trace Elements in Historical Varnishes Using Total Reflection X‐Ray Fluorescence

Abstract

The suitability of microdigestion of historical varnishes combined with total reflection x‐ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis for quantitative element determinations is presented. Microsamples of 50–100 µg varnish were digested in small volumes of acid and an internal standard element was added. Only a µL‐portion of the spiked solution was dried and analyzed. Elements like K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Ba, and Pb were detected simultaneously and their mass fractions were determined quantitatively. The sum of the detected elements in oil‐based varnishes as well as in spirit varnishes did not exceed 3% of the total mass. Examples are given and the results are discussed.

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