Circumlocution, Communication Strategies, and The ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines: An Analysis of Student Discourse

Judith E. Liskin‐Gasparro

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EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning Second Language Acquisition and Learning Linguistics and Language Analysis

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study was designed to analyze the use of communication (i.e., lexical repair) strategies, particularly circumlocution, by speakers at the Intermediate High and Advanced levels of oral proficiency in Spanish. All of the instances of communication strategies (CSs) used in oral proficiency interviews by 17 Intermediate High speakers and 13 Advanced speakers were analyzed to discover what strategies were favored by speakers at each level. The analysis of learner discourse found that Advanced speakers, more than Intermediate High speakers, rely on a range of L2‐based strategies that included, but was not limited to, circumlocution. The analysis suggests that the statements in the ACTFL Guidelines about CS use be expanded to include strategies besides circumlocution that develop as learners cross the border between the Intermediate High and Advanced levels.

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1968Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior.1983Strategies in interlanguage communication 1980COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES, FOREIGNER TALK, AND REPAIR IN INTERLANGUAGE 1 2024ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines 2024 1984TWO WAYS OF DEFINING COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES 1985Strategic Competence and Language Proficiency 1987Second language acquisition in context 1980Processes and Strategies in Foreign Language Learning and Communication.

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2000Revising the revised format of the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview 1996Early L2 Writing Development: A Study of Autobiographical Essays by University-Level Students of Russian 2017On self-reported use of communication strategies by CLIL learners in primary education 2006Advanced Proficiency for Foreign Language Teacher Candidates: What Can We Do to Help Them Achieve This Goal?1997How to Avoid Language Breakdown? Circumlocution!2003Research on the Oral Proficiency Interview: Analysis, Synthesis, and Future Directions

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